[Backend Dev] #1 Backend Roadmap

Roadmap of Backend Development

1. Internet
   • How does the Internet work?
   • WHat is HTTP?
   • Browsers and how they work?
   • DNS and how it works?
   • WHat is Domain Name?
   • WHat is hosting?
2. Basic Frontend Knowledge
   • HTML
   • CSS
   • JavaScript
3. OS and General Knowledge
   • Terminal Usage and Basic Commands
   • How OSs work in General
   • Process Management
   • Threads and Concurrency
   • Memory Management
   • Interprocess Communication
   • I/O Management
   • POSIX Basics
   • Basic Networking Concepts
4. Language
   • JavaScript
   • Java
   • Python
   • +a C#
5. Version Control System
   • Basic Usage of Git
   • Repo Hosting Service - GitHub
6. Relational Databases
   • PostgreSQL
   • MySQL
7. More about Databases
   • NoSQL Databases: MongoDB
   • ORMs
   • ACID
   • Transactions
   • N+1 Problem
   • Datbase Normalization
   • Indexes and how they work
8. APIs
   • REST
   • JSON APIs
   • Authentication
     • OAuth
     • Basic Authenticatoin
     • Token Authentication
     • JWT
9. Caching
   • CDN
   • Server Side
     • Redis
     • (Memcached)
   • Client Side
10. Web Security Knowledge
    • Hashing Algorithms
      • MD5 and why not to use it
      • SHA Family
      • scrypt / bcrypt
    • HTTPS
    • Content Security Policy
    • CORS
    • SSL/TLS
    • OWASP Security Risks
11. Testing
    • Integration Testing
    • Unit Testing
    • Functional Testing
    • CI/CD
12. Design and Development Priciples
    • SOLID
    • KISS
    • YAGNI
    • DRY
13. Architectural Patterns
    • Monolithic Apps
    • Microservices
    • SOA
    • Serverless
14. Search Engines
    • Elasticsearch
    • (Solr)
15. Message Brokers
    • RabbitMQ
    • (Kafka)
16. Containerization vs Virtualization
    • Docker
17. GraphQL
    • Apollo
    • (Relay Modern)
    • (Graph Databases - Neo4j)
18. Web
    • WebSockets
    • Web Servers
      • Nginx
      • (Apache)
19. Building for Scale
    • Mitigation Strategies
      • Graceful Degradation
      • Throtting
      • Backpressure
      • Loadshifting
      • Circuit Breaker
    • Migration Strategies
    • Horizontal vs Vertical Scaling
    • Building with Observability in mind

Reference: https://roadmap.sh/backend